1. Softened water:

When raw water containing hardness ions passes through the sodium type resin in the exchange tank, Ca2+and Mg2+in the water are exchanged and adsorbed by the Na+in the resin, removing Ca2+and Mg2+to remove carbonate or non carbonate hardness, which is softened water. After the resin adsorbs a certain amount of Ca2+and Mg2+, regeneration must be carried out, which is to rinse the resin layer with salt water in the salt tank. The Na+in saltwater replaces the hardness ions on the resin with water, and is discharged from the tank with the regeneration solution to restore the resin exchange capacity and continue softening the water production.

2. Working process of softened water equipment:
　The regeneration of a fully automatic water softener can be initiated based on time or flow rate. The working process of a water softener generally consists of the following steps in a cyclic manner:
　　　　A. Run (work)
Under a certain pressure (0.2-0.6Mpa) and flow rate, the raw water enters the container (resin tank) containing ion exchange resin through the controller valve chamber. The Na+contained in the resin exchanges with the cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, etc.) in the water, so that the Ca2+and Mg2+ion content in the effluent of the container meets the predetermined requirements, achieving the softening of hard water.
　　　　B. Backwashing
　　 After resin failure, backwash with water from bottom to top before regeneration. The purpose of backwashing is twofold. Firstly, by backwashing, the tightly compressed resin layer during operation is loosened, which is beneficial for the resin particles to fully contact with the regeneration solution; One is to discharge the suspended solids and broken resin accumulated on the surface of the resin with the backwash water, so that the water flow resistance of the exchanger will not increase.
　　　　C. Regenerated salt absorption

After the resin adsorbs a certain amount of calcium and magnesium ions, regeneration is necessary. The time is about every 10 hours of operation, and it needs to be regenerated once. The regeneration process is to rinse the resin layer with salt from the salt tank, replacing the hardness ions on the resin, and discharging it out of the tank with the regeneration waste liquid. The resin then regains its softening and exchange ability (the water softener cannot use iodized salt or calcium salt as regenerants, and salt should be added to the salt tank regularly to ensure the saturation concentration of the salt water). The best regeneration time is at night. After the equipment stops and absorbs the salt, it should be left overnight. The next day, it should be cleaned according to the backwashing and forward washing steps to achieve good water production effect.
The regenerated salt solution flows through the failed resin layer at a certain concentration and flow rate to restore its original exchange capacity.
　　　 D. Replacement (slow cleaning)
After the regeneration solution is completed, if there is still salt solution in the exchanger that has not participated in the regeneration exchange, clean it with clean water at a flow rate less than or equal to the regeneration solution flow rate (slow cleaning) to fully utilize the regeneration effect of the salt solution and reduce the load of the washing process.
　　　　E. Positive washing (quick cleaning)
The purpose is to remove the residual regenerated waste liquid in the resin layer, usually cleaned at normal flow rate until the effluent is qualified.
　　　　F. Inject water into the regeneration agent tank
Inject the required amount of salt water into the rejuvenator tank for one regeneration of the solution.

Precautions for installation of water softener:
1. No installation foundation is required, it can be installed horizontally on the foundation;
2. Require that there is a sewage outlet on the ground near the equipment;
3. If the inlet water pressure is lower than the required value, a water supply booster pump must be installed;
4. The softened water outlet pipeline is a direct heating device and must be equipped with a check valve to prevent hot water from flowing back and damaging the resin.
5. Keep the salt solution at saturation concentration, and the solid salt solution should be higher than the liquid level.
After installation, the pipeline should be flushed to prevent impurities from blocking and contaminating the resin.
7. The user shall provide information on the water pressure, quantity, quality, and usage conditions of the raw water, so that our company can recommend the appropriate model of water softener. Specially designed according to site conditions. Provide installation and debugging guidance as well as operation training

Sodium ion resin softening tankThe control mode is fully automatic control, which starts the regeneration program based on the periodic water production rate. During equipment operation, a dedicated flow meter is used to calculate the total water production. When the total output reaches the set cycle of water production, the controller starts the regeneration program for automatic regeneration, and the regeneration of the equipment is independent of the running time. The fully automatic water softener uses high-quality resin exchange tanks and salt tanks.

Ion exchange resin is a carrier for ion exchange reaction, consisting of two parts: skeleton and active groups. Through ion exchange reaction, the mobile ions in the exchange groups exchange with the same sex ions in water, thereby removing the majority of ions in water and achieving the purpose of desalination and purification of water quality.

The water softener consists of three main parts: a resin tank, a hydraulic control valve, and a salt tank. Unlike all other automatic water softeners, the two turbines inside the hydraulic control valve are driven by the water flow to drive two sets of gears, cleverly driving the valves of different channels to open and close according to the changes in cumulative flow rate, automatically completing the circulation process of the water softener, regeneration, cleaning, drainage, and salt tank replenishment, and automatically switching between the two tanks, one in use and one backup, ensuring uninterrupted supply of soft water.